• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a wind energy plant (11) having a rotor (13) with a plurality of rotor blades (15) which is arranged to rotate freely about a rotation axis (17), to a generator which is in communication with the rotor (13) and to a rotating rotor (13) converts the wind energy into electrical energy, and a diffuser (21) with a wind inlet opening (23) and a wind outlet opening (25), which diffuser (21) the rotor (13) and the generator rotationally symmetrically shrouded and on the generator is held against rotation. The inner diameter of the diffuser (21) is smallest at the point where the rotor blades (15) are positioned, whereby the diffuser (21) has a constriction (33) at this point.
    公开号:CH712280A1
    申请号:CH00383/16
    申请日:2016-03-18
    公开日:2017-09-29
    发明作者:Frick Bernhard；Out Johannes；Mizrahi Menno
    申请人:Frick Bernhard；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description Field of the Invention The invention relates to a wind energy plant according to the preamble of claim 1.
    Background Art Wind turbines in which the rotor is covered with a diffuser are known in the prior art. The diffuser is a shell of the rotor, which widens in the flow direction. The diffuser causes an additional circulation flow whose velocity components in the diffuser are directed in the same direction with the wind flow and thus amplifies it. The power concentration results from the formation of a pressure difference in front of and behind the rotor. However, the opening angle of the diffuser is limited, since at too large widening the flow breaks through the diffuser and the achievable flow rates are lower. In order to enlarge the expansions without stall long and large diffusers are necessary, which are accordingly expensive and strong winds provide your large attack surface.
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION From the disadvantages of the described prior art, the object initiating the present invention results in improving the efficiency of a generic wind turbine with diffuser.
    The solution of the problem is achieved in a generic wind turbine characterized in that the inner diameter of the diffuser at the point at which the rotor blades are positioned at the smallest, whereby the diffuser has a constriction at this point. This cross-sectional shape of the diffuser causes wind to flow through the flow channel of the diffuser faster than outside the diffuser. The diffuser therefore makes use of the cross-sectional shape which is known from wing theory. The rotor blades are conveniently positioned at the bottleneck because there the wind speed is maximum.
    The invention is preferably characterized by the fact that the diffuser facing the rotor and curved in the direction of the rotor inside and a rotor facing away and curved in the direction of the rotor outer side, wherein the diffuser at the inlet opening a leading edge between the inside and forms the outer side and at the outlet opening forms a trailing edge between the inside and the outside This shape causes the above-described speed increase of the wind on the inside. The curvature on the outside prevents tearing off the wind flow on the outside.
    In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner side is curved more towards the rotor than the outer side. As a result, a higher wind speed is achieved on the inside than on the outside. The wind is therefore accelerated in the flow channel of the diffuser, resulting in an improved efficiency of the wind turbine.
    It has proved to be expedient if the inner diameter of the inlet opening is smaller than the inner diameter of the outlet opening. This allows the diffuser to have an extended spout, which results in less wind turbulence on the inside.
    In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the diffuser in the longitudinal cross section has the shape of two opposing symmetrical airfoil profiles, wherein the more curved sides of the airfoils are facing each other. In this case, the inside of the diffuser has an increased curvature, starting at the wind inlet opening, so that the constriction is positioned closer to the wind inlet opening than to the wind outlet opening. After the constriction, the curvature of the inside is reduced compared to the curvature in front of the constriction. As a result, an extended outlet of the flow channel is formed. The extended spout leads to a calming of the flow. The fact that the outside of the diffuser is less curved, it comes to the wing theory according to a higher wind speed on the inside than on the outside.
    Conveniently, the angle between the straight line connecting the constriction and the trailing edge and the horizontal is between 7 and 21 degrees, preferably between 10 and 18 degrees and particularly preferably between 13 and 15 degrees on the airfoil. These angular sizes lead to a smaller curvature of the inside of the bottleneck than before the bottleneck.
    Conveniently, the angle between the straight line connecting the constriction and the leading edge and the horizontal between 10 and 40 degrees, preferably between 15 and 30 degrees and more preferably between 17 and 21 degrees on the airfoil. Since this angle is greater than the angle defined in the last paragraph, the curvature in front of the constriction is greater than the curvature after the constriction and the constriction is closer to the leading edge than to the trailing edge.
    The invention is also preferably characterized in that the angle between the tangent, which extends through the trailing edge and rests on the outside within the airfoil, and the horizontal between 1 and 3 degrees and preferably between 1.5 and 2 degrees is smaller than the angle described in the penultimate paragraph. As a result, the diffuser has a tapered trailing edge, as is customary for wings.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the angle between the tangent, which extends through the trailing edge and rests on the outside outside of the airfoil, and the horizontal between 4 and 8 degrees and preferably between 5 and 7 degrees. Due to this small angle, the curvature of the outside of the diffuser is less than the curvature of the inside of the diffuser, which is absolutely necessary for the speed increase in the flow channel.
    With preference, the defined angle of attack between the chord and the horizontal between 5 and 10 degrees and preferably between 7 and 8 degrees. The angle of attack is rather low, since the buoyancy for a diffuser is of no importance and only loads the material of the diffuser.
    Conveniently, the front edge is rounded, whereby the air resistance of the diffuser can be reduced.
    On the manufacturing side, it is preferred if the diffuser is free of an undercut in the flow direction. This allows simple molds to be used and the diffuser is easy to demould when injection molded. The diffuser is therefore preferably made of a plastic.
    Another aspect of the invention relates to a diffuser for sheathing the rotor of a wind turbine with the diffuser features described above. With such a diffuser, existing wind turbines can extensively retrofit rotor blades.
    Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention with reference to the schematic representations. It shows in not to scale representation:
    Fig. 1: a cross section through the upper longitudinally symmetrical part of a wind turbine.
    In Fig. 1, a wind turbine is shown which is designated overall by the reference numeral 11. FIG. 1 shows a cross section through the wind energy plant 11, only the upper part of the cross section being shown. The lower part is longitudinally symmetrical to the upper part.
    The wind turbine 11 comprises a rotor 13 with a plurality of rotor blades 15. The rotor can rotate together with the rotor blades 15 about a rotation axis 17. The rotor 13 and a generator connected to the rotor 13 are accommodated in a drop-shaped housing 19. The housing 19 is connected in rotation with a diffuser 21.
    The diffuser 21 encloses the housing 19 rotationally symmetrical to form a flow channel through which the wind flows past the rotor blades 15 at a higher speed than without the diffuser 21. At the diffuser 21, a wind inlet opening 23 and a wind outlet opening 25 are provided , The wind flows through the diffuser from left to right. The diffuser 21 has a first inner diameter 27, which is located at the wind inlet opening 23. At the wind outlet opening 25, the diffuser 21 has a second inner diameter 29. A third diameter 31 which is located inside the diffuser 21 is the smallest, whereby a constriction 33 is formed in the diffuser 21. At this constriction 33, the rotor blades 15 are positioned. The first inner diameter 27 is preferably smaller than the second inner diameter 29.
    The cross-section of the diffuser 21 is aerodynamically optimized, so that the wind passing through the diffuser 21 as large as possible speed achieved thereby the energy yield of the inventive wind turbine 11 can be increased. In the following, the shape of the cross section of the diffuser 21 will be described in detail, which leads to the fluidic optimizations.
    The diffuser 21 has an inner side 35, which forms the flow channel and the rotor 13 faces. The outer side 37 of the diffuser 21 faces away from the rotor 13. Both the inner side 35 and the outer side 37 are curved inwardly in the direction of the rotor 13, however, the curvature of the inner side 35 is more curved than the curvature of the outer side 37. As a result, the diffuser 21 in the longitudinal cross-section has the shape of two symmetrical airfoil sections facing each other. At the wind inlet opening 23, a front edge 39 is formed at the transition from the inside 35 to the outside 37. At the wind outlet 25, a trailing edge 41 is formed at the transition from the inside 35 to the outside 37.
    To form the shape of an airfoil profile, the following five hints! A first angle is formed between the horizontal and the connecting straight line between the constriction 33 and the trailing edge 41. This first angle is between 7 and 21 degrees, preferably between 10 and 18 degrees, and more preferably between 13 and 15 degrees. A second angle 45 is formed between the horizontal and the connecting straight line between the constriction 33 and the leading edge 39. The second angle is between 10 and 40 degrees, preferably between 15 and 30 degrees, and more preferably between 17 and 21 degrees. A third angle 47 is formed between the horizontal and the tangent, which extends through the trailing edge 41 and rests against the outside 37 within the airfoil. This angle is preferably between 11 and. 15 degrees and is between 1 and 3 degrees and preferably between 1.5 and 2 degrees smaller than the first angle 41. A fourth angle 49 is between the horizontal and the tangent
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    formed, which passes through the trailing edge 41 and. on the outside 37 rests outside the wing profile. The fourth angle 49 is between 4 and 8 degrees and preferably between 5 and 7 degrees. The last fifth angle 51 defines the angle of attack, which is defined in the wing theory. The angle of attack is formed between the chord 53 and the horizontal. The chord 53 is the connecting line between the front edge 39 and the rear edge 41. In the present case, the angle of attack between 5 and 10 degrees and preferably between 7 and 8 degrees. In order to optimize the air resistance, the front edge 39 is rounded. The more curved inner side 35 than the outer side 37 and the constriction 33 formed lead to an increased flow velocity. According to flow theory, the flow velocity at the constriction 33 has a maximum. It is therefore particularly preferred for the wind yield when the rotor blades are positioned at the constriction 33. So that the flow does not leave at the outlet opening 25, the diffuser 21 is tapered and curved outwards in the region of the outlet opening 25. In order to prevent turbulence over the cross section of the flow channel, the housing 19 is formed drop-shaped. Legend 11 Wind energy plant 13 Rotor 15 Rotor blades 11 Rotation axis 19 Housing 21 Diffuser 23 Wind inlet opening 25 Wind outlet opening 27 First inner diameter 29 Second inner diameter 31 Third inner diameter 33 Constriction, constriction 35 Inner side of the diffuser 37 Outside of the diffuser 39 Front edge 41 Trailing edge 43 First angle 45 Second angle 47 Third Angle 49 Fourth Angle 51 Fifth Angle 53 Tendon Chordal Claims
    A wind turbine (11) comprising - a rotor (13) having a plurality of rotor blades (15) arranged to rotate freely about a rotation axis (17), - a generator in communication with the rotor (13) and a rotating rotor (13) converts the wind energy into electrical energy and - a diffuser (21) with a wind inlet opening (23) and a wind outlet opening (25), which diffuser (21) the rotor (13) and the generator rotationally symmetrically shrouded and on characterized in that the generator is rotationally held characterized in that the inner diameter of the diffuser (21) at the position at which the rotor blades (15) are positioned at the smallest, whereby the diffuser (21) at this point a constriction (33).
    [2]
    2. Wind energy plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the diffuser (21) facing a rotor (13) and in the direction of the rotor (13) curved inside (35) and the rotor (13) facing away and in the direction of the rotor ( 13) has a curved outer side (37), wherein the diffuser (21) at the inlet opening (23) forms a front edge (39) between the inner side (35) and the outer side (37) and at the outlet opening (25) has a trailing edge (41 ) between the inside (35) and the outside (37) forms.
    [3]
    3. Wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner side (35) is curved more in the direction of the rotor (13) than the outer side (37).
    [4]
    4. Wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner diameter (27) of the inlet opening (23) is smaller than the inner diameter (29) of the outlet opening (25).
    [5]
    5. Wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diffuser (21) in the longitudinal cross section has the shape of two opposing symmetrical airfoil profiles, wherein the more curved sides of the airfoils are facing each other.
    [6]
    6. Wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that at the airfoil profile of the angle (43) between the straight line connecting the constriction (33) and the trailing edge (41) and the horizontal between 7 and 21 degrees, preferably between 10 and 18 degrees and more preferably between 13 and 1.5 degrees.
    [7]
    7. Wind turbine according to one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that at the airfoil profile of the angle (45) between the straight line connecting the constriction (33) and the front edge (39) and the horizontal between 10 and 40 degrees, preferably between 15 and 30 degrees, and more preferably between 17 and 21 degrees
    [8]
    8. Wind turbine according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the angle (47) between the tangent which extends through the trailing edge (41) and on the outer side (37) rests within the airfoil, and the horizontal between 1 and 3 degrees, and preferably between 1.5 and 2 degrees, is smaller than the angle claimed in claim 6.
    [9]
    9. Wind turbine according to one of the claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the angle (49) between the tangent, which extends through the trailing edge (41.) and on the outside (37) rests outside the airfoil, and the horizontal between 4 and 8 degrees and preferably between 5 and 7 degrees.
    [10]
    10. Wind turbine according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the angle of attack (51) between the chord (53) and the horizontal between 5 and 10 degrees and preferably between 7 and 8 degrees.
    [11]
    11. Wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front edge (39) is rounded.
    [12]
    12. Wind turbine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diffuser (21) in the flow direction is free of an undercut.
    [13]
    13. Diffuser (21) for sheathing the rotor (13) of a wind turbine (11) with the diffuser features of the preceding claims.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CH712280B1|2020-11-13|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4132499A|1976-01-29|1979-01-02|Ben Gurion University Of The Negev|Wind driven energy generating device|
    DE3049791A1|1980-03-05|1983-01-05|Simon, Michael, Dipl.-Ing., 8000 München|Funnel fit assembly to above wind turbine - allows turbine to be driVen by horizontal wind current|
    DE10145786A1|2001-09-17|2003-04-10|Kbe Windpower Gmbh|Wind power turbine with housing enclosing rotor blades has aerodynamically shaped outer housing, e.g. consisting of surface coated hard foam body or plastic with joined inner, outer walls|
    DE202007006015U1|2006-10-06|2007-07-26|Dohm, Rudolf, Dipl.-Ing.|Wind turbine with a jacket of the turbine and with devices for generating rotary flows|
    CH707241A2|2012-11-27|2014-05-30|Isg Holding Ag|Wind energy generator for small and medium sized wind-power plant, has covering made of flexible textile material, and frame formed from rings, which are arranged in series in planes and connected by struts, so that basket ring is formed|
    法律状态:
    2021-04-30| PUE| Assignment|Owner name: FEAAM GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: BERNHARD FRICK, LI |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH00383/16A|CH712280B1|2016-03-18|2016-03-18|Wind turbine.|CH00383/16A| CH712280B1|2016-03-18|2016-03-18|Wind turbine.|
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